Toxic Work Environment: Signs, Examples and How to Fix It

A toxic work culture is a work environment characterized by negativity, poor communication and unethical or abusive behavior, which ultimately harm employee morale, employee health and productivity.

A company’s culture — which refers to a workplace’s overall ethos, as well as the values and initiatives that set the tone for how managers lead employees —  can directly determine whether an environment will be a positive or negative one for employees. According to Gallup, strong employee engagement results in higher productivity (including higher profitability and sales), meaning preventing toxic work culture translates directly to company success. Therefore, it is critical to recognize the signs of a toxic work environment and seek to improve them.

 

What Is a Toxic Work Environment? 

A toxic work environment is a company environment dominated by practices, policies and management styles that perpetuate unhealthy habits and conflicts among team members. It can be harmful to employees, preventing them from being productive and growing professionally. Negative organizational culture can also lead to unhappiness and dissatisfaction that drives employees to look for jobs elsewhere.

Toxic work environments often have policies and procedures that prioritize the company’s needs over the well-being of its employees. This can manifest as an “institutional-centric” culture where the business’s goals consistently overshadow the needs of its people. 

Negative workplace culture also often means outdated work policies . For example, a requirement to work from the office. Usually, these are mistakenly thought to squeeze the most productivity, but in reality are quite tough on employees’ lives. 

A toxic work environment typically results in workplace “illnesses” as well, such as lack of cohesion among teams, increased absences and tardiness, lower productivity and high turnover — which can cost both employee morale and one half to two times an employee’s salary for each person that leaves.

A strong company culture is important for your company’s longevity and business success. In order to build an exciting culture that will entice job seekers and retain employees, you need to be thoughtful with the type of organizational culture you aim to create. Be vigilant against the following bad company culture red flags to allow a positive work environment to flourish.

Related ReadingCompany Culture Videos: Learn From the Best Examples Out There

 

18 Signs of a Toxic Work Environment

Organizational Issues

1. Turnover Is High

The Problem: High turnover is often a strong indicator of a toxic work environment. Not only will a bad culture drive employees away, it will also deter job seekers from taking your organization seriously. If you notice high turnover, employees are probably looking for a less-toxic work environment.

The Fix: It’s time to double down on your company culture strategy. To do that, however, you need to understand the root of the problem. Probe employees during exit interviews on their reasons for leaving. Try to understand what it was about your culture that frustrated them and which aspects they found difficult to part with. 

Then, talk to employees — especially long-term employees — to get a sense of what’s kept them around. Consider conducting an employee engagement survey and carefully analyze the results. Once you know what you need to improve, act on it.

2. Core Values Are Absent

The Problem: Perhaps one of the most concerning signs of a bad company culture is a lack of company core values. These are the driving force of an organization — not having core values means your culture is likely to progress without any sense of direction. Unwanted subcultures will form and undermine your business’ success.

The Fix: Draft and publish a list of core values. These should be the set list of ideals that truly matter to your team and will help you achieve your goals. Before promoting them to the rest of the team, ensure C-suite executives, HR representatives and long-term employees are aligned on core values. Then, go over each value with the rest of the team. Doing so will help elicit positive behaviors and attitudes, creating a cohesive company culture. Refer back to your core values during the hiring process to ensure each employee you onboard shares the same values as your team.

3. Teams Are Siloed and Lack Communication

The Problem: Lack of communication is a solid indicator that a company has a toxic culture. Across teams or between managers and direct reports, the way information does or does not flow can impact a company’s culture as well as its bottom line. When employees aren’t communicating properly, it can hurt productivity, stifle ideas and create a less desirable working environment. 

The Fix: Launch team building activities and company-wide initiatives to get teams talking and working together, even if it’s not work related. Breaking down these initial walls between teams and even within teams can help information flow better when it comes to everyday work. Additionally, creating open-door policies at the leadership level can work wonders for communication. When engagement and transparency are encouraged from the very top, information is less likely to get trapped. It can be difficult to abandon the styles of communication cemented in a company’s foundation but it’s worth the work.

4. The Company Doesn’t Give Back to the Community 

The Problem: If your company lacks a matching program for charitable donations, doesn’t offer a yearly day of service for volunteer work, never issues calls for donations in the wake of a devastating hurricane or other disaster, you’re sending the message that as a company, you just don’t care about the outside world. 

The Fix: Launch a program that gives back to the community. Offer a yearly day off for employees who want to volunteer. Do a back-to-school supplies drive for a local nonprofit. Or participate in United Way’s workplace giving campaign. Even the smallest initiative will demonstrate to employees that you do care.

5. Lack of DEI Policies 

The Problem: A workplace that doesn’t prioritize diversity and inclusion sometimes allows for a toxic work environment. It telegraphs to employees that management just doesn’t care. 

The Fix: Get your HR team together, hire a workplace consultant if need be, and then draft and enact a diversity, equity and inclusion policy. When you write workplace policies designed to keep all employees feeling safe at work, keep in mind the saying: Nothing for us, without us. Engage BIPOC employees as well as LGBTQ+ employees. Publicize the policy to employees and present it as a living document, encouraging them to suggest improvements.

6. Employees Leave Bad Reviews of the Company

The Problem: Anonymous review platforms have increased visibility into any company’s culture. If you have a positive work culture full of highly engaged employees, this only helps your case with prospective candidates. However, if your team is frustrated with the management style, cut-throat competition between peers or discouragingly high turnover rate, job seekers will be the first to know, and your company will earn a harmful reputation as a result.

The Fix: Build out your employer branding strategy. While you can’t control the public’s perception of your company, you can help shape the story. Of course, it’s important to build an accurate employer brand, which can only be done if you first create an exciting workplace culture.

Leadership Issues

7. Managers Don’t Follow Core Values

The Problem: Employees look to managers for direction. If senior and middle management aren’t abiding by the core values you’ve set forth, employees will follow suit. Even worse, they’ll begin to distrust leadership for exempting managers from the office rules. Authority will be discredited, and a clear divide will form between leadership and the staff. 

The Fix: Lead by example and hold everyone accountable. Core values are important to your culture and your success as an organization, so ensure they are upheld by every member of your team. Holding all employees to the same set of standards will foster an open culture based on equality. This will also help promote your core values across all departments so they become ingrained in your culture.

8. Employee Growth and Development Isn’t Supported

The Problem: Employees in a toxic workplace may find themselves left to figure out work problems on their own, even if they are brand new to the company. In this situation, employees are not provided proper mentorship or resources for training, coaching or skills development within their role, leading to confusion as well as a lack of growth and stagnation in their career. Also, they may not be offered guidance from their manager and colleagues, making them feel disconnected from their team.

The Fix: Emphasize managers as a resource employees can turn to for support in their roles, and offer opportunities to explore new interests and competencies on the job. Creating an employee development plan can also be helpful for employees who may feel stuck in their position and want to grow professionally.

9. Managers Don’t Promote From Within

The Problem: If all your new hires are from outside the company, especially at a management and leadership level, you’re sending the message that current employees either don’t matter or they’re not good enough to be promoted. Both messages contribute to a toxic work environment that stifles growth.

The Fix: Start paying attention to those employee reviews. Add a question that helps discern whether an employee wants to move up the ranks, then start a formal program to mentor and coach employees with potential.

10. Managers Publicly Criticize Employees

The Problem: Employees make mistakes, sometimes bad ones. A toxic work environment makes a big deal out of these errors by calling out employees by name, and mistake, in a public forum. 

The Fix: Praise in public, correct in private, and present the error as an opportunity to learn and grow. A healthy work environment allows employees to learn from their mistakes without shame.

Culture and Behavior Issues

11. Office Gossip Is Frequent

The Problem: It wasn’t cool in middle school, and it certainly isn’t appropriate in the office. Gossip leads to unwanted cliques that divide your workforce, turning employees against each other and creating a culture of distrust.

The Fix: If gossip is frequent, address the issue directly. Start by meeting with the most frequent offenders individually to discuss the impact of their behavior. Additionally, clarify company policy on professional conduct and communication to the entire team, making it clear that gossip and rumor-spreading are not aligned with company values and have consequences.

12. Unfriendly Competition Is Common

The Problem: Healthy competition is good for business. It motivates employees and encourages stellar performance, which can help grow your company. However, having competition as the focal point of your culture will breed animosity between employees.

The Fix: If you see that individuals are highly competitive with one another, you may be placing too much value on performance. Of course you want your team to be full of top performers, but you also want your team to be full, period. Pitting individuals against each other will frustrate employees and undermine their value as individuals. 

To avoid sending great employees packing, recognize performance on a broader scale and outside the confines of monetary rewards. Encourage managers to recognize their direct reports’ effort and reward their achievements with prizes centered on wellness, such as a comped fitness class, gift card to a favorite restaurant or an extra day off. Additionally, create a platform for individuals to congratulate and thank their coworkers for a job well done. This will motivate employees and encourage a team-oriented mindset.

13. Employees Show Up Late or Miss Work

The Problem: Excessive tardiness or high rates of absenteeism often signal deeper issues within the company culture, and can be a sign of employees disengagement. Similarly, if employees are frequently out-of-office — with remote or flex-schedule employees being the exception — they’re likely disinterested and not passionate about their work. 

The Fix: For starters, ensure that middle and senior managers are prompt at the start of the day. Employees learn from managers, so if one manager routinely shows up 30 minutes late, their direct reports will believe they can do the same. From there, talk to the repeat offenders about their work schedule. It’s possible they have a regular conflict — such as dropping their kids off at school or commuter restraints — that merit an adjusted start time. 

Engage your HR department to improve how your team tracks sick days, doctor appointments and other approved absences. Of course, you should be open to discussing personal matters and extenuating circumstances. Together, these approaches will help improve your absenteeism rate and create a positive work culture that prioritizes communication.

14. Employees Aren’t Acknowledged or Rewarded

The Problem: If you only recognize the top sales rep of each quarter, you’re doing your culture a disservice. Only occasionally rewarding a few individuals will make the majority of the workforce feel undervalued and underappreciated. It can also lead to a negative workplace culture founded on competition and animosity between employees. 

The Fix: Talk to middle and senior managers about instituting more feedback sessions with their direct reports. They can use this time to provide constructive criticism and acknowledge the individual’s great work. Additionally, carve out time in your monthly all-hands meeting for employees to recognize and appreciate other team members and implement regular employee spotlights. Providing positive reinforcement motivates individuals and this format allows employees to form meaningful connections with their peers.

15. Job Candidates Are Judged For Culture Fit

The Problem: Of course you want every member of your team to feel like they belong in your company culture, but hiring for culture fit is an outdated recruitment strategy that will cost you top talent. When you seek out carbon copies of your current employees, your culture will remain stagnant or start to decline. Like-minded individuals are great at agreeing, but tend to butt heads when it comes to pushing the envelope. 

The Fix: Start to hire for culture add. This approach ensures that you bring on candidates who will connect with your team on a meaningful level. Culture adds are individuals who share your core values and are passionate about your mission but bring a unique background, perspective or experience to the team. Following this strategy helps build a diverse and inclusive culture where individuals from all types of backgrounds are welcome.

Workload and Burnout Issues

16. People Work Through Lunch

The Problem: If employees often work through lunch, it’s either because they feel they don’t have time to stop working, or they believe management doesn’t condone taking breaks. Not only is that poor business logic — 78 percent of workers say lunch breaks improve job performance — it’s also a surefire way to turn employees away. Expecting that employees will perform well while working eight hours nonstop is unrealistic. Moreover, it signals to them that leadership only values their work output, not their contribution to the culture or personal commitment to the organization.

The Fix: Encourage lunch breaks. Start by taking lunch yourself, and remind employees to enjoy their break time. Occasionally providing food for the office is a great way to impose a midday break, get to know your team and allow employees to socialize with their peers. Additionally, make a point to inform new hires of how long they’re allowed for lunch. Otherwise, they may avoid taking a break altogether.

17. People Work Late or On Weekends

The Problem: If the work day ends at 5 p.m. but the majority of your team regularly stays well past, that should be cause for concern. This indicates that your team members are either juggling too many responsibilities or managers have unrealistic expectations for their direct reports. Quotas help ensure your growth plan stays on track, but impractical objectives can lead to employee burnout.

The Fix: To avoid unnecessarily overworking your employees, talk to managers about reassessing workloads. Ensure every individual has enough responsibilities to be challenged and productively contribute to business success without leading to burnout. You may also need to evaluate the entire team’s demands — if every individual is running ragged at work, there may be room to hire another employee to share the workload.

18. Employees Experience Physical Symptoms of Work Stress

The Problem: The mental stress of participating in a toxic work environment can manifest into physical symptoms. Employees may report having symptoms like anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances or body aches due to the stress they take on at work. You can also see employees frequently showing up to work sick or visibly fatigued.

The Fix: Establish a work culture that prioritizes work-life balance and encourages employees to take sick days when needed. Keep working expectations clear to ensure employees aren’t accidentally overworking. Check in with employees who are showing physical signs of stress or burnout and consult with managers to make sure employees are taking on an appropriate workload for their role.

 

What to Do If You’re in a Toxic Work Environment

If you recognize that you work in a toxic environment, it’s important to take proactive steps to protect yourself and your career. Here’s how:

1. Document Unhealthy or Abusive Behavior

Keep records of incidents that concern you, such as persistent gossip, bullying, overwork or workplace abuse. Save emails, messages and meeting notes that can confirm that this type of behavior is happening, and include information on dates, times and witnesses related to an incident if possible. 

Documentation can provide credibility and be especially important to have if:

• You plan to report an issue to HR.
• The behavior involves harassment or discrimination.
• Your performance is being unfairly measured.
• You require legal protection.

2. Set Boundaries at Work

Toxic workplaces thrive when employees feel pressured by the culture or coworkers to overextend themselves and accept unhealthy practices. As such, setting boundaries at work can help reduce burnout and harm caused by a toxic work environment. 

Setting boundaries at work can look like:

• Taking mandated or needed breaks.
• Limiting after-hours work communication.
• Saying no to work requests outside of your core responsibilities.
• Not engaging in workplace gossip.
• Protecting your time and physical space from distractions during work (i.e. closing your office door, blocking off designated focus time on your work calendar).

3. Explore Solutions With Your Manager

If you have a trusted relationship with your manager, consider addressing your concerns with them and exploring solutions for how to navigate a toxic environment. This can include asking for clarification on work expectations or asking to be transferred to another team in the company.

4. Seek Out Support

If needed, reach out to trusted coworkers, mentors or other colleagues for support when handling a toxic work environment. It can also be beneficial to speak with a therapist or counselor, join professional networking groups, seek mentors outside of work or speak with HR if it is appropriate and safe to do so.

5. Plan How to Leave Your Job

If you decide your workplace situation is unlikely to improve, now is the time to plan out how to leave your job. Resigning thoughtfully and strategically allows you to protect your reputation, maintain professionalism and move into your next opportunity from a position of stability.

Start by:

• Updating your resume and job portfolio.
• Researching and applying to companies you are interested in working for.
• Building an emergency savings budget, if possible.

From here, consider factors such as upcoming bonuses or salary increases, healthcare coverage, unused vacation time or important projects that could also affect your departure. 

Finally, before leaving your job, make sure you:

• Review your employment agreement.
• Prepare a professional resignation letter.
• Have another job offer in hand, if possible.

 

What Causes a Toxic Work Environment?

A toxic work environment can be caused by multiple different factors, including:

Poor Leadership and Management

When managers lead using micromanagement, favoritism or unproductive criticism, this can quickly erode trust and divide teams across an organization. As a result, employees may start operating out of fear, where they’re afraid to make mistakes and collaborate with others.

Unrealistic Work Expectations

Companies who expect employees to have 24/7 availability or complete unrealistic workloads can lead to widespread disengagement and lowered employee morale, especially if worker efforts aren’t recognized or rewarded by leadership.

Lack of Communication and Transparency

A lack of company transparency can stall productivity, lead to unclear expectations and cause employee distrust. In turn, little communication can also trigger an increase in office gossip to fill in the gaps left by leadership.

Workplace Bullying or Exclusion

Unaddressed bullying or exclusionary behaviors at work — whether from coworkers or management  — can quickly make employees feel isolated and discouraged. This can cause physical or mental harm to affected employees, and at worst, make them leave the company entirely.

 

How to Fix a Toxic Work Environment

Changing a company’s culture can be a long-term process, but a strategic approach can lead to significant culture improvements.

Here are important steps to take to fix a toxic work environment:

1. Conduct Anonymous Culture Surveys

Send out anonymous pulse surveys or bring in a third-party consultant to gather raw, unfiltered feedback from employees. Ask specific questions about psychological safety, leadership trust and burnout, and commit to sharing the high-level results and your action plan transparently with the everyone in the company.

2. Establish a Company-Wide Zero Tolerance Policy

A zero tolerance policy mandates that certain behaviors or misconduct will not be permitted in the workplace. Establishing this kind of precedent across the company makes it clear that no one — including management — is exempt from behavioral accountability, and can help foster a safe and respectful work environment.

3. Implement Effective Feedback Channels

Build formal, secure and anonymous channels for employees to voice concerns, report toxic behavior or suggest improvements without fear of retaliation. Ensure management also publicly addresses feedback and demonstrates the concrete changes being made as a result.

4. Review Workloads and Enforce Off-Hours

Review department workloads, set realistic project deadlines and actively discourage work communications outside of core business hours. When managers visibly log off and respect work boundaries, it signals to the rest of the organization that work-life balance is something that should truly be honored.

5. Overhaul Management Training

Toxic work environments are often driven by management practices. As such, start training managers in emotional intelligence, conflict resolution and inclusive leadership. Equip those in leadership positions to lead with empathy — and, most importantly, lead by example to encourage empathy across the entire company.

Frequently Asked Questions