R is a programming language widely used in data science that offers tools for statistical analysis and data visualization, including advanced plotting capabilities.
Sails.js is a web application framework for Node.js that follows the model-view-controller (MNC) architecture, inspired by frameworks like Ruby on Rails.
The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is used to estimate model parameters when some data is missing or hidden. It iteratively assigns probabilities to hidden variables and updates parameters to maximize the likelihood of the observed data.