Master Thesis Scatter Estimation in Computed Tomography

Posted 2 Days Ago
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Stockholm, SWE
In-Office
Entry level
Healthtech • Biotech
The Role
Master’s thesis role investigating scatter estimation for cone-beam computed tomography used in cancer radiotherapy. The work may focus on evaluating a Rust-based physics algorithm, improving its physical model, optimizing GPU performance, or advancing numerical methods such as Monte Carlo variance reduction. Deliverables include a thesis report and, depending on the project, code contributions or benchmarking scripts.
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We don’t just build technology. We build hope for everyone dealing with Cancer.

Elekta is shaping the standard of care, together with healthcare providers, by developing precision radiation medicine that brings advanced radiotherapy into routine clinical practice. Our solutions support consistent, efficient and personalized care, addressing evolving patient needs. Through adaptive radiotherapy, precision treatment delivery and integrated workflows, Elekta supports care teams across a range of clinical settings. Each year more than 2 million patients are treated using Elekta solutions across over 130 countries. Elekta is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden, with over 4,000 employees and offices in more than 40 countries. The company is listed on Nasdaq Stockholm. For more information, visit elekta.com.

 Introduction 

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a method of forming a 3D image from a set of X-ray projections. The projections are formed by exposing a subject to a cone-shaped X-ray beam and capturing the photons in a flat-panel detector, similar to the detector of a camera. The subject both attenuates and scatters the X-ray beam, affecting what photons are detected by the detector. Projections are formed from multiple directions. This results in an inverse problem that can be solved to reconstruct a 3D image of the subject. 

There are efficient algorithms to solve this inverse problem when there is no scattering (FDK or iterative solvers). A common approach to CBCT reconstruction is to estimate the scattering and effectively subtract it from projection images so that these efficient algorithms can be employed for reconstruction. 


Background 

At Elekta, we develop products for cancer radiotherapy that use CBCT for imaging and positioning the patient. We are today using an AI model to estimate the scatter component in CBCT images. As an alternative to this, we have developed a physics-based algorithm (patent pending) for estimating scatter. We have made a prototype implementation of this algorithm in 2000 lines of Rust that we call Rainbow.  


Problem Statement 

There are several open questions related to our scatter estimates that could be the basis of a master's thesis. What we decide on depends on your interests and our needs. 


  • Engineering focus: How do we best evaluate Rainbow’s performance? What subjects do we scan, what metrics do we measure, how do we compare with state-of-the-art AI models? What applications is it suitable for? 
  • Physics focus: What improvements can be made to the physical model of Rainbow? We have made several approximations of the scattering and detector physics that can be improved for a more accurate model. This may involve both physics theory and experimental work in our labs. 
  • Implementation focus: To be clinically useful, Rainbow needs to run faster. Are there optimizations we can make to the current implementation? How do we efficiently implement this algorithm on a GPU? 
  • Math focus: What improvements can be made to the algorithm, such as Monte Carlo variance reduction or methods for accelerating convergence of a numerical solver. 

 

Depending on our findings until the start of the master thesis work, we may have other topics related to CBCT reconstruction and scatter estimates. 


Output 

The student is expected to write a report that helps us understand the above-mentioned aspects of Rainbow. In the case of investigating various improvements, this should be accompanied by code contributions to Rainbow. In the case of benchmarking Rainbow, the report should be accompanied by scripts for running these benchmarks. 


Who are we looking for? 

Preferred Masters education: Physics or Mathematics 

Required skills: Python programming, good understanding of statistics and numerical methods. 

Useful skills: X-ray lab work, Rust programming, GPU computing, Monte Carlo simulations 


Practicalities 

Location: Forskaren, Hagaplan 4, Stockholm 

Supervisor: Petter Säterskog, [email protected] 

Start date: Fall 2026 or early spring 2027 

Skills Required

  • Master’s education in Physics or Mathematics
  • Python programming
  • Good understanding of statistics
  • Good understanding of numerical methods
  • X-ray laboratory work
  • Rust programming
  • GPU computing
  • Monte Carlo simulations

Elekta Compensation & Benefits Highlights

The following summarizes recurring compensation and benefits themes identified from responses generated by popular LLMs to common candidate questions about Elekta and has not been reviewed or approved by Elekta.

  • Retirement Support — A 401(k) with employer match is a prominent benefit, with vesting noted as part of the plan.
  • Leave & Time Off Breadth — PTO and paid holidays are included, with PTO accruing from the start and rollover allowed within limits.
  • Healthcare Strength — Medical, dental, vision, life and disability coverage are included, complemented by an Employee Assistance Program.

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The Company
HQ: Stockholm
4,700 Employees
Year Founded: 1972

What We Do

At Elekta, our outcome-driven and cost-efficient solutions provide lasting clinical difference and are developed through sustainable environmental, social and governance practices. We’ve been working openly and proactively with clinicians and our partners for almost half a century to advance precision radiation therapy and meet continuously evolving patient needs—no matter where they are in the world. To us, it's personal, and our global team of 4,700 employees combine passion, science, and imagination to profoundly change cancer care. We don’t just build technology, we build hope. Elekta is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden, with offices in 120 countries and listed on Nasdaq Stockholm.

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